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Re: [xmca] Fwd: Purposes and processes of education



The supplemented interchange is helpful for an understanding of the question being posed.

I think the comparison between Confucian and Qin cultures is important.

Confucius was a conservative reacting agains the "Legalists" (fa jia) and others who were more state-oriented, versus Confucius' more traditional orientation to non-State social relations. Qin (Ch'in) was sort of a triumph of State consolidation, and in that sense contrary to Confucianism.

I guess the Han literati were trying to work out a synthesis of Confucian culture with Imperial statism, although I haven't thought about this before.

Following on my previous post: As I think about this, I realize that my apartment is littered with children's booklets that I picked up in Taipei in 1973. These are picture books with stories told in Chinese characters paired with zhuyin fuhao phonetic spelling. These appear to be used as much for learning to read as for transmitting the stories. But the stories are familiar stories about virtuous, courageous, and heroic children, as well as Aesop's fables type stuff, and the stories that are succinctly invoked in (often four-syllable) "cheng-yu" (sayings that invoke familiar stories). Although I see these in written form, I would bet that they have been used over the centuries as media for transmitting culture orally, through stories told by illiterate grown-ups to children who were not being schooled.

I'm speculating here. Does anybody here actually know?

On Sun, 17 Jan 2010, mike cole wrote:

Dear Colleagues-- I asked my Chinese colleague, huyi, who was visitor at
UCSD, the same questions I asked you.  In note to him I emphasized that one
question that
particularly interested me is the relation between the onset of formal
schooling and the invention of writing system and the governmental
structure. Here is his reply.

Thanks very much David and Tony and Huyi for help in trying to puzzle this
out.
A lot of think about. I was not emphasizing the exam issue, but that is my
shortcoming because sorting "succeeders" from "failures" goes hand  in glove
with formal education.

Remembering Martin Luther King.
mike

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: huyi <huyi1910@hotmail.com>
Date: 2010/1/17
Subject: RE: Purposes and processes of education
To: lchcmike@gmail.com


Mike,

The formal education in China, what I meant is to some institutes educating
people, could be dated from Xiang(âÔ) (BC 2000s) at the period of
Shun(Ë´). The time of schooling to governing is from Qin(ÇØ) Dynasty (BC
200s), after Qin Shi Huang unified The Six Nations in China.

Hu YI.

------------------------------
Date: Sun, 17 Jan 2010 18:33:46 -0800
Subject: Re: Purposes and processes of education
From: lchcmike@gmail.com
To: huyi1910@hotmail.com


When did formal education begin in China? How was start of schooling related
to formation of centralized government and literacy? I know what I sent was
ignorant.
I am ignorant on this topic!!
Your help is very welcome to me.
Thanks Hu Yi!
mike

2010/1/17 huyi <huyi1910@hotmail.com>

Mike,

Your example didn't express the changes of Wang Anshi's educational
reform for the examation. The blank-filling of verses were only part of the
test before his innovation. Acatually, in ancient China, the governer
selected the talents for adminstering the government through various tests,
such as paper-writing, interviews, etc. At that time, education was
strongly related to the purpose of politics. From the time of Confucius (BC
551-479), there were some private-schools for educating people how to be a
person in the socioty, especially how to act with other persons.

I don't know what kind of papers you need for this? tell me more to see what
I can do for your work.

Hu Yi.



------------------------------
Date: Sun, 17 Jan 2010 10:04:09 -0800

Subject: Purposes and processes of education
From: lchcmike@gmail.com
To: xmca@weber.ucsd.edu
CC: fffranksong@hotmail.com; huyi1910@hotmail.com


Can anyone help point me to key resources to understand relation of
schooling practices
to society in ancient China and India?

Are there any examples of deliberate instructional practices that do not
involve reading/writing?

David K-- It appears that education in China was closely linked to
governmental exam system, so one can read, for example, " Thirdly, so far as
content was concerned, while the earlier examinations laid much stress on
the ancient classical texts, the great reformer Wang Anshi (1021 - 1086)
advocated an innovation which was much more practical. He changed the
blank-filling of verses into composition about the verse, giving free reign
to the ability of the candidates. However this was opposed by other grandees
and did not last for long.

And we know that the system is at least a couple of thousand year older than
that.

Sorry if this appears a naive question. There is a lot of expertise in the
list and i need to make a quick study as background for some focused on
modern education and psychology.

thanks to whomever.
mike

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Tony Whitson
UD School of Education
NEWARK  DE  19716

twhitson@udel.edu
_______________________________

"those who fail to reread
 are obliged to read the same story everywhere"
                  -- Roland Barthes, S/Z (1970)
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