> the same holds for language of course. this is why, in many (though
> not all) ways, "native" or expert users, struggling with a complex
> social-emotional, information, or cognitive situation exhibit
> behaviors on a continuum with those of a second or foreign language
> learner. in an effort to regain self-regulation, the expert speaker
> regresses to earlier stages of development.
According to A.A. Leont'ev, the language learner (L2) and the person
struggling with some other situation are in very different activity
systems, for one language itself is the motive, for the other some
other thing. A.A. Leont'ev further distinguishes the second kind of
activity as either general, non-verbal activity, when the motive for
the speech is non-specific, and communication activity, when the motive
is specific.
Michael
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