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DEFINITION: Assisting the patient to feel balance and connection with a greater power |
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Be open to patient's expressions of loneliness and powerlessness |
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Encourage chapel service attendance, if desired |
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Encourage the use of spiritual resources, if desired |
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Provide desired spiritual articles, according to patient preferences |
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Refer to spiritual advisor of patient's choice |
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Use values clarification techniques to help patient clarify beliefs and values, as appropriate |
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Be available to listen to patient's feelings |
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Express empathy with patient's feelings |
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Facilitate patient's use of meditation, prayer, and other religious traditions and rituals |
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Listen carefully to patient's communication, and develop a sense of timing for prayer or spiritual rituals |
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Assure patient that nurse will be available to support patient in times of suffering |
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Be open to patient's feelings about illness and death |
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Assist patient to properly express and relieve anger in appropriate ways |
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Fehring, R.J., & Rantz, M. (1991). Spiritual distress. In M. Maas, K. Buckwalter, & M. Hardy (Eds.), Nursing Diagnoses and Interventions for the Elderly (pp. 598-609). Redwood City, CA: Addison-Wesley. |
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Guzetta, C.E., & Dossey, B.M. (1984). Cardiovascular nursing: Bodymind tapestry. St. Louis: Mosby. |
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Thompson, J.M., McFarland, G.K., Hirsch, J.E., & Tucker, S.M. (1993). Clinical nursing (3rd ed.) (pp. 1637-1640). St. Louis: Mosby. |
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Figure 7.2
Spiritual support, NIC. Intervention for patients in spiritual distress.
Source: NIC, second edition. |
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supportive person) is now attached through the classification to the job description as an intervention that can be accounted for. |
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The Iowa group, who are mainly teachers of nursing administration and research, made essentially three arguments for the creation of a nursing classification. First, it was argued that without a standard language to describe nursing interventions, there would be no way of producing a scientific body of knowledge about nursing. NIC in theory would be articulated with two other classification systems: the nursing sensitive patient outcomes classification scheme (NOC) and the nursing diagnosis scheme (NANDA). NOC is a complex classification system in its own right. Since the medical profession has assumed |
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