In the future society, psychology will indeed be the science of the new man. Without this the perspective of Marxism and the history of science would not be complete. But this science of the new man will still remain psychology. Now we hold its thread in our hands. There is no necessity for this psychology to correspond as little to the present one as—in the words of Spinoza [1677/1955, p. 61]—the constellation Dog corresponds to a dog, a barking animal.