in/externalization

urs fuhrer (Urs.Fuhrer who-is-at GSE-W.Uni-Magdeburg.DE)
Mon, 08 Dec 1997 18:13:29 +0000

Maybe the internalization/externalization question which was raised by =

Yrjo gives me the chance announce a paper which will come out next =

year in Developmental Review in which we expand this "dialectic" from =

the "cultivation principle" as it was introduced by the German =

sociologist Georg Simmel around 1900 and elaborated later in both the =

pragmatistic view by Rochberg-Halton and recently in a more =

developmental view by our research group at the U of Magdeburg. Please =

find below the abstract to the article. If anybody is interested in =

the whole paper, please let me know.

The cultivated mind: From mental mediation to cultivation

Urs Fuhrer & Ingrid E. Josephs
Department of Psychology
Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg,
Germany

To appear in: Developmental Review, 1998, 18(2)

Abstract
Both Piaget and Vygotsky stressed the role of mediation in human =

development. While Piaget, within his cognitive adaptational model of =

developmental constructivism, identified mental mediation as the =

primary mechanism underlying intellectual development, Vygotsky =

emphasized the cultural mediation by tools, signs, and social =

interaction as the core mechanism of higher mental functioning. =

Despite important differences between these two theorists' =

conceptualizations of developmental mediation, they shared the view =

that cognitive structures are built through a process of =

internalization by reconstituting external (inter)actions in a new =

form on an internal plane. Neither Piaget nor Vygotsky, however, paid =

adequate attention to what Simmel has called the cultivation =

principle. According to this principle, the cultivated mind is =

constructed through the ongoing transactions of the person with his or =

her cultural environment, i.e., permanently changing cultural forms, =

such as personal possessions, places, settings, institutions. These =

cultural forms are mostly overlooked in contemporary developmental =

theorizing and research. Simmel's cultural forms result from =

externalizations of former person-culture transactions. In other =

words, a person shapes or creates his or her own developmental =

conditions by a process of transactional constitution between himself =

or herself and his or her culturally structured environment. Thus, =

human development is not as individual biased as, for example, the =

Piagetian model of adaptive constructivism assumes. Instead, based on =

a cultural-mediational model development is structured through =

person-culture transactions as they are created and re-created by =

cultivating one's own culture (external mind) toward cultivating one's =

own mind (internal mind). These transactions can be facilitated, to =

varying degrees, by social co-constructions. Simply put, the internal =

and the external mind (culture) mutually cultivate or co-develop each =

other.

-- =

Prof. Dr. Urs Fuhrer
Otto-von-Guericke-Universit=E4t
Institut f=FCr Psychologie
PF 4120
D-39016 Magdeburg

Phone: +391/6714-800 /802
Fax: +391/6714-807
Email: urs.fuhrer who-is-at gse-w.uni-magdeburg.de

http://comserv.urz.uni-magdeburg.de/~ipsy/uf/uf.htm
http://comserv.urz.uni-magdeburg.de/~ipsy/ip.html