[Xmca-l] Re: Rio Tinto Zinc
Andy Blunden
andyb@marxists.org
Tue Sep 15 17:50:41 PDT 2020
Thanks David. I think the reason that Vygotsky insisted on a
General Psychology and specifically *not* a "Marxist"
Psychology is indeed the same reason that I told Anthony
that I think "Leftism" is not a helpful way to come to an
understanding of Marxism. Our aim (this "we" constituted by
our collaboration) is human emancipation. We need concepts
which are *true*, irrespective of whether they are
categorised as Left or Right. For example, in France and the
UK climate change denial is more associated with the Left
than the Right, while in Oz and the US climate change denial
is associated with the Right. Political partisanship is no
way to Science. Vygotsky wanted a Science, because his goal
is human emancipation. Insofar as a Psychology defined
itself as furthering *any *current of ideology, then it
cannot be science. And BTW, that applies equally to Deborin
or Bukharin.
It remains the case though, in the words of the US
commentator Seth Myers I think, that "reality has a liberal
bias."
Andy
------------------------------------------------------------
*Andy Blunden*
Hegel for Social Movements <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://brill.com/view/title/54574__;!!Mih3wA!Uq4amehuoQoHAlk4pfIfv-eA_bmxFVvdeERLjc0oFCmDDI_BvjReGnd7iklTasek2txvlg$ >
Home Page <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.ethicalpolitics.org/ablunden/index.htm__;!!Mih3wA!Uq4amehuoQoHAlk4pfIfv-eA_bmxFVvdeERLjc0oFCmDDI_BvjReGnd7iklTase7b7MhEg$ >
On 16/09/2020 7:10 am, David Kellogg wrote:
> Anthony often wonders whether there is any necessary
> connection between Marxism and what he calls "leftism".
> Andy even has a video where he suggests that making that
> connection is not a "helpful" way of thinking about
> Marxist philosophy.
>
> I get it. When we read "The HIstorical Sense of the Crisis
> in Psychology" we hear Vygotsky asking his closest friends
> and collaborators NOT to use the term Marxism when
> referring to their work, not only because he doesn't want
> it associated with political pietism but also because he
> doesn't think that the current method of "copy and paste"
> quotes from Marx and Engels is yielding anything like a
> real Marxist psychology. (Interestingly, the late Lucien
> Seve believed that this criticism was directed at Deborin,
> but Andy thinks it is directed against mechanists like
> Bukharin).
>
> But to me Anthony's question answers itself. What he calls
> "leftism" is really just what Andy calls "world
> perezhivanie", it is sociogenesis made into conscious
> awareness. That is, it is human societies confronted by
> other societies and trying to change themselves rather
> than be changed. When they do this, even if they do not
> recognize any "final, complete, ideal form" (and Vygotsky
> says no such recognition is possible in Chapter Four of
> Foundations of Pedology) they become aware that the
> principles of blind adaptation themselves can be changed
> (as animals do) into those of design. Contrary to
> individuals adapting to the environment, societies
> that look after the old, the young, and the sick are made
> stronger and better, because the whole course of
> development is deliberate and indirect adaptation rather
> than blind and direct. .
>
> I think, Martin, that both Lenin and Trotsky believed
> strongly in the evitability of capitalism, and both
> considered it to be the key question of their time, both
> in the Russian and in the incipient Chinese revolution.
> They did come up with different solutions, and you are
> right to say that Lenin's solution lent itself much more
> easily to Stalin's believe in the five universal stages of
> human society (primitive communism, slavery, feudalism,
> capitalism and socialism). Lenin believed that the
> capitalist development of the Russian empire (which of
> course included many non-capitalist societies) can and
> should be stopped by a "democratic dictatorship of the
> proletariat and the peasantry", which would bring in
> capitalism but exercise dictatorship over the capitalists
> themselves, ensuring that the democratic tasks of the
> revolution (ensuring franchise to the disenfranchised,
> including land to the tillers) were carried out in a way
> that would enable a transition to socialism (withering
> away the state, common ownership of land). Trotsky
> believed that no capitalist stage would be necessary,
> because there would be revolutions in Germany, England,
> France, and above all the USA, and the world organization
> of production would allow non-capitalist societies to
> develop from primitive communism to true communism.
>
> When Joseph Glick wrote his "Prologue" to Volume Four of
> the (English) Vygotsky Collected Works, he argued that one
> reason why Vygotsky was so important to educators in the
> post-Piaget era was that he offered a way of doing without
> universal Piagetian stages. We now know, from the
> pedological work, that Vygotsky had his own stages in
> mind. But we still don't know if he saw the stages as
> evitable the way that Lenin did or whether he believed, as
> did Trotsky, in permanent revolution.
> (By the way, Renee Van der Veer has now published a
> translation of "Pedology of School Age"--in English!)
>
> https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.amazon.com/dp/B08D6WDK3H/ref=pe_385040_118058080_TE_M1DP__;!!Mih3wA!Uq4amehuoQoHAlk4pfIfv-eA_bmxFVvdeERLjc0oFCmDDI_BvjReGnd7iklTasejC-yG2A$
> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.amazon.com/dp/B08D6WDK3H/ref=pe_385040_118058080_TE_M1DP__;!!Mih3wA!SrpIrAAR8TbxIJDvFPI-ToFM1WKVl9U0uJJT8Q-kFMIF0SS9DZiNZNL9-jnI1h0ETuXihA$>
>
>
>
> David Kellogg
> Sangmyung University
>
> New article in Mind, Culture, and Activity:
> Realizations: non-causal but real relationships in and
> between Halliday, Hasan, and Vygotsky
>
> Some free e-prints today available at:
> https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.tandfonline.com/eprint/Y8YHS3SRW42VXPTVY2Z6/full?target=10.1080*10749039.2020.1806329__;Lw!!Mih3wA!Uq4amehuoQoHAlk4pfIfv-eA_bmxFVvdeERLjc0oFCmDDI_BvjReGnd7iklTasd0mHVCxQ$
> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.tandfonline.com/eprint/Y8YHS3SRW42VXPTVY2Z6/full?target=10.1080*10749039.2020.1806329__;Lw!!Mih3wA!SrpIrAAR8TbxIJDvFPI-ToFM1WKVl9U0uJJT8Q-kFMIF0SS9DZiNZNL9-jnI1h2f7BKdEA$>
>
> New Translation with Nikolai Veresov: L.S. Vygotsky's
> Pedological Works Volume One: Foundations of Pedology"
> https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9789811505270__;!!Mih3wA!Uq4amehuoQoHAlk4pfIfv-eA_bmxFVvdeERLjc0oFCmDDI_BvjReGnd7iklTase-8Me-ww$
> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9789811505270__;!!Mih3wA!SrpIrAAR8TbxIJDvFPI-ToFM1WKVl9U0uJJT8Q-kFMIF0SS9DZiNZNL9-jnI1h0O4IyFmQ$>
>
>
> On Wed, Sep 16, 2020 at 1:00 AM Martin Packer
> <mpacker@cantab.net <mailto:mpacker@cantab.net>> wrote:
>
>> capitalism, and hence the idea of nature as capital,
>> is no universal stage (contrary to what Stalin taught).
>
> This happens to be something I’ve been thinking about
> recently — the ‘evitability’ (avoidability, as opposed
> to inevitability) of capitalism. I’ve been reading
> some of the work of Douglass North, who won a Nobel
> prize in economics in 1993 for his analysis of the
> role that institutions have played in economic
> ‘development,’ He thought he was describing how the
> West achieved ‘progress’ and has been able to ‘evolve’
> further than other regions, but one can read his work
> as describing alternative pathways in the formation of
> economic systems, which in the West has led to an
> imbalance in which profit and growth have become the
> only measures of societal and individual achievement.
>
> A neat illustration: the NY Times has been publishing
> reflections upon an article written 50 years ago by
> Milton Friedman titled "The Social Responsibility Of
> Business Is to Increase Its Profits." Friedman wrote:
>
> WHEN I hear businessmen speak eloquently about the
> “social responsibilities of business in
> a free‐enterprise system,” I am reminded of the
> wonderful line about the Frenchman who
> discovered at, the age of 70 that he had been
> speaking prose all his life. The
> businessmen believe that they are defending free
> enterprise when they declaim that business is not
> concerned “merely” with profit but also with
> promoting desirable “social” ends; that business
> has a “social conscience” and takes seriously its
> responsibilities for providing
> employment, eliminating discrimination, avoiding
> pollution and whatever else may be the catchwords
> of the contemporary crop of reformers. In fact
> they are—or would be if they or any one else took
> them seriously— preaching pure and
> unadulterated socialism. Businessmen who talk this
> way are unwitting puppets of the intellectual
> forces that have been undermining the basis of a
> free society these past decades.
>
>
> It will be hard to find a better statement of the
> ideology that has got us all into the current mess.
>
> On the left, was it with Lenin that capitalism became
> viewed as a necessary prerequisite to socialism? For
> example, as I understand it after the revolution in
> Mexico, 1910-1920, the PRI (Partido Revolucionario
> Institucional) worked hard to turn the indigenous
> peoples into a proletariat. This was the only way they
> could imagine societal progress: quickly moving the
> country into capitalism so as to achieve socialism. I
> conclude that it was not only Stalin who taught this.
>
> Martin
>
>
>> On Sep 14, 2020, at 9:57 PM, David Kellogg
>> <dkellogg60@gmail.com <mailto:dkellogg60@gmail.com>>
>> wrote:
>>
>> If you click on the link that Henry, and before him
>> John, offered, you get the pro-natural-capital side
>> of a debate in the pages of the Guardian on whether
>> or not "nature" can be valued as capital and whether
>> it is good or bad for nature for humans to do this. I
>> think that in CHAT, we are indebted to Marx for many
>> things, but surely one debt we would do well not to
>> disavow is Marx's insistence (in Critique of the
>> Gotha programme and elsewhere) that nature is NOT
>> capital: on the contrary, humans and all of their
>> various property forms from communism to capitalism
>> must be considered peculiar forms of nature. This is
>> a discussion that CHAT needs to have if we are going
>> to retain the AT in CHAT. I disagree with Peter Jones
>> on many many things, but one thing I heartily agree
>> with him on is the idea that Leontiev brings an
>> intensely anti-naturalistic view of activity into
>> activity theory--humans acting as subjects on passive
>> environments to produce beneficial outcomes.
>>
>> Marx had a better idea: in the Ethnological
>> Notebooks, he shows us that capitalism, and hence the
>> idea of nature as capital, is no universal stage
>> (contrary to what Stalin taught). Western capitalism,
>> with its idea of nature as capital, is really just
>> one extreme variant. In Marx's columns on the Sepoy
>> rebellion and the Taiping rebellion, he even posits
>> an "Asiantic mode of production" that had virtually
>> nothing to do with feudalism. So to say that South
>> Korea and Japan are equally capitalist societies is
>> really a little like saying that China and the USSR
>> were equally non-capitalist. Deus Sive Natura: and
>> neither one is capital.
>>
>> David Kellogg
>> Sangmyung University
>>
>> New article in Mind, Culture, and Activity:
>> Realizations: non-causal but real relationships in
>> and between Halliday, Hasan, and Vygotsky
>>
>> Some free e-prints today available at:
>> https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.tandfonline.com/eprint/Y8YHS3SRW42VXPTVY2Z6/full?target=10.1080*10749039.2020.1806329__;Lw!!Mih3wA!Uq4amehuoQoHAlk4pfIfv-eA_bmxFVvdeERLjc0oFCmDDI_BvjReGnd7iklTasd0mHVCxQ$
>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.tandfonline.com/eprint/Y8YHS3SRW42VXPTVY2Z6/full?target=10.1080*10749039.2020.1806329__;Lw!!Mih3wA!W-RPX1ECIuKav0e-i1es3roVHR0WUtjgmoG2iARQqbybBsxElYTIACu53v3cWm487oUiBw$>
>>
>> New Translation with Nikolai Veresov: L.S. Vygotsky's
>> Pedological Works Volume One: Foundations of Pedology"
>> https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9789811505270__;!!Mih3wA!Uq4amehuoQoHAlk4pfIfv-eA_bmxFVvdeERLjc0oFCmDDI_BvjReGnd7iklTase-8Me-ww$
>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9789811505270__;!!Mih3wA!W-RPX1ECIuKav0e-i1es3roVHR0WUtjgmoG2iARQqbybBsxElYTIACu53v3cWm7NjX5sJQ$>
>>
>>
>> On Tue, Sep 15, 2020 at 3:43 AM HENRY SHONERD
>> <hshonerd@gmail.com <mailto:hshonerd@gmail.com>> wrote:
>>
>> Martin, John and Andy
>> Thanks to Martin for kicking off this topic and
>> John and Andy for following up. I has amazed me
>> to find, for me, how the RTZ narrative resonates
>> with both Navajo and Pueblo narratives here in
>> New Mexico. How evil RTZ is, but how wonderful
>> the courage of our native peoples!
>>
>> Chaco Canyon IS a tourist destination here in New
>> Mexico. Though there has been no destruction of
>> the site that, based on Native American
>> narratives and the efforts of archeologists, is
>> architecturally spectacular evidence of the
>> pre-Colombian culture from which the present-day
>> Pueblos come. What parallels RTZ activities on
>> aboriginal lands in Australia is the drilling for
>> gas and oil on Navajo lands surrounding Chaco and
>> a rush to buy more rights while Trump is in
>> power. There have been protests, though nothing
>> as intense and effective as the Standing Rock
>> protests to protect water on native lands to our
>> north and east from gas and oil predation (the
>> pipeline). Standing Rock was LED by Native
>> Americans, many from the Navajo, Apache and
>> Pueblo near me.
>>
>> I just saw yesterday a 30-year-old film that is
>> one of the offerings of the Vision Maker Film
>> Festival: Clear Cut. I recommend it, or at least
>> a look at the wiki article about it. It couldn’t
>> be more timely. It’s messy, where contention
>> between environmental and logging interests and
>> division WITHIN the native community (traditon
>> vs. jobs) leave one stunned. What redeems a messy
>> struggle is exactly what Andy says: The
>> aboriginal people of the world do it for us! In
>> the same way, when “our” Pueblos put on feasts
>> and invite us in to witness their dances, they do
>> it for us. Perhaps you recall the movie
>> “Koyaniskaatsi”, la Hopi word that has been
>> translated as "life out of balance". (The Hopis
>> are a Puebloan people, descendants of the Chacoan
>> culture. The Navajos and Apaches arrived here
>> about the same time as the European colonizers,
>> based on linguistic and genetic evidence.) If you
>> live in New Mexico, you are around Pueblo people.
>> If you are really lucky, and many of us are, you
>> become friends with them and they invite you to
>> share their food at the feasts! How generous is
>> this? They do it for us.
>>
>> The RTZ narrative is not only destructive to
>> cultural capital, it is implicated in natural
>> capital
>> (https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/2015/nov/23/monbiot-natural-capital-wrong-conservation__;!!Mih3wA!Uq4amehuoQoHAlk4pfIfv-eA_bmxFVvdeERLjc0oFCmDDI_BvjReGnd7iklTasev1Nfbag$
>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/2015/nov/23/monbiot-natural-capital-wrong-conservation__;!!Mih3wA!SBdL369rv5LA2eUVglK7x1RO_gnzeKTtEL3aixjV1TAMOI-HkqMNbHUWvJAN5h7atm8Krw$>)
>> via climate change. (The link here, to a Guardian
>> article is available through the first link in
>> John’s post). Here again we should look to our
>> native peoples. There is credible research that
>> concludes the climate change lengthens fire
>> seasons but wrong-headed environmental policies
>> make the fires more intense, hence less
>> controllable. Add to this the incursion of
>> housing into forested areas and the destruction
>> is a doubly self-inflicted wound. And hold on for
>> this one for the best CHAT connection: Native
>> peoples of this continent used to set controlled
>> burns to remove the kind of unburnt fuel to avoid
>> such conflagrations. Today some of the
>> best-trained and most effective firefighters in
>> this country are Native Americans. Cultural
>> capital. They do it for us, and their example
>> from the past can serve us now. Cultural capital.
>>
>> I believe I have crowed before about New Mexico
>> and our Native Americans. Australia has crowing
>> rights as well. And, for standing proud, there’s
>> nothing like an anthem. The best anthem music I
>> have EVER heard comes from Australia: Yothu Yindi
>> What a great project that brings together white
>> people and people of color. What great creative
>> collaboration. Andy, I am telling you again,
>> project is a great unit of analysis, precisely
>> because it brings together cognition and affect,
>> because it embodies active orientation. In my
>> country, it is pretty well agreed that the
>> natives got screwed, across the political divide.
>> Black Lives Matter is more complex, but there is
>> hope that the question of race is now where LGBTQ
>> issues were at the time of the AIDS crisis, in
>> the last century. Back then we could never have
>> guessed we would be where we are with
>> non-gender-conforming acceptance now. Just
>> saying, as much for myself as for anybody else
>> listening.
>>
>> La Era Está Pariendo Un Corazón
>> Henry
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>> On Sep 13, 2020, at 8:09 PM, Andy Blunden
>>> <andyb@marxists.org <mailto:andyb@marxists.org>>
>>> wrote:
>>>
>>> Er. " *NO *physical markers"
>>>
>>> ------------------------------------------------------------
>>> *Andy Blunden*
>>> Hegel for Social Movements
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://brill.com/view/title/54574__;!!Mih3wA!S5K6-3pAdjVKLQOipHOtp4mkhFhXR1sxkXKZDQnO0A7C1xQKXN0SUjkqI9KbXmCMTCf0iQ$>
>>> Home Page
>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.ethicalpolitics.org/ablunden/index.htm__;!!Mih3wA!S5K6-3pAdjVKLQOipHOtp4mkhFhXR1sxkXKZDQnO0A7C1xQKXN0SUjkqI9KbXmDbUUpHdA$>
>>>
>>> On 14/09/2020 11:43 am, Andy Blunden wrote:
>>>>
>>>> Firstly, an apology. I replied on the list
>>>> before noticing that John had already
>>>> responded, and John is much better informed
>>>> than me about these matters, and yet I spoke as
>>>> if he didn't exist. My apologies.
>>>>
>>>> These caves are nothing for tourism. They are
>>>> too remote and there are others more
>>>> accessible. I believe the caves have been under
>>>> Native Title as a result of a bitter struggle
>>>> to protect them by the local people in the
>>>> 1990s. This means that RTZ had to get
>>>> permission from the PKK people. The lawyers
>>>> swindled them.
>>>>
>>>> In my view, all these sites which are not only
>>>> part of Aboriginal heritage (there are places
>>>> which have *NO *physical markers of their
>>>> status but are sacred to the local people) but
>>>> self-evidently of *world* heritage. But I don't
>>>> think these caves were registered as World
>>>> Heritage. I have not heard the discussion about
>>>> this (John?). No-one wants to say this, I
>>>> think, because it implies that Indigenous
>>>> values are somehow less important than human
>>>> values. For example, under the law as it stands
>>>> the PKK Land Council would have a right to let
>>>> RTZ destroy the caves and maybe a million
>>>> dollars or two in the bank or a new school,
>>>> would be enough. This is not a hypothetical.
>>>> One of the reasons that the Indigenous people
>>>> remain impoverished even where they have Native
>>>> Title over large areas of land, is that they
>>>> live, after all, in a capitalist country and
>>>> Native title cannot be sold. It is not a
>>>> commodity. Therefore it is not a form of
>>>> wealth. You can't get a mortgage to build a
>>>> house on land you own by Native title. You
>>>> can't sell a block to a farmer so you can buy
>>>> agricultural equipment to farm another block.
>>>> In short, by blocking the Indigenous people
>>>> from monetising their land rights we trap them
>>>> in poverty. In general, the indigenous people
>>>> are happy to forgo tourist income to protect
>>>> their sacred sites (e.g. Uluru) and I don't
>>>> doubt for an instant, that if they'd been
>>>> properly consulted they never would have agreed
>>>> to the destruction of the caves. Obviously. But
>>>> they do have to have rights to trade with their
>>>> land. But also the world needs to keep
>>>> absolutely unique archaeological sites pristine
>>>> and the local people should be supported by
>>>> governments to do the work of protecting them
>>>> on *our* behalf. Recognising the great cost
>>>> entailed.
>>>>
>>>> Andy
>>>>
>>>> ------------------------------------------------------------
>>>> *Andy Blunden*
>>>> Hegel for Social Movements
>>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://brill.com/view/title/54574__;!!Mih3wA!XARa5o_f0_F8FwoOvEi2G83w7OupjEw0Qs4sAopd9iMJNxF19MT9A4BOkNVcEAAZnw4ahQ$>
>>>> Home Page
>>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.ethicalpolitics.org/ablunden/index.htm__;!!Mih3wA!XARa5o_f0_F8FwoOvEi2G83w7OupjEw0Qs4sAopd9iMJNxF19MT9A4BOkNVcEABlTgxfKw$>
>>>>
>>>> On 14/09/2020 4:53 am, Martin Packer wrote:
>>>>> Thanks, John and Andy,
>>>>>
>>>>> I suppose that I am naive, for this event
>>>>> astonishes me in so many different ways. I
>>>>> would have assumed that the land title or
>>>>> native title granted to indigenous peoples
>>>>> over some territory in Australia would have
>>>>> included the Juuken Gorge caves. I would have
>>>>> assumed that these caves were a national
>>>>> cultural heritage site, or even a world
>>>>> cultural heritage site. I would have assumed
>>>>> that indigenous rights would have more
>>>>> importance to the Australian government, and
>>>>> indeed to the Australian people. I would have
>>>>> assumed that, while mining is apparently of
>>>>> great economic importance to the country, the
>>>>> government would have considered the economic
>>>>> value of this site for tourism, or simply the
>>>>> impact that destroying the caves would have on
>>>>> Australia’s reputation. And while I suppose
>>>>> that unbridled rapaciousness on the part of an
>>>>> international mining company is hardly a
>>>>> surprise, I would have thought that Rio Tinto
>>>>> would also have considered the negative
>>>>> publicity that their actions would create.
>>>>>
>>>>> How can we express our displeasure to the
>>>>> various parties involved? Are there petitions
>>>>> that one can sign? Or Twitter accounts to
>>>>> which one can tweet?
>>>>>
>>>>> I wonder how much the salary is of (ex) CEO
>>>>> Jean-Sebastien Jacques, if his bonus this year
>>>>> would have been A$4.9 million. Perhaps he
>>>>> could donate a few years of his salary to
>>>>> establish a foundation that could work for
>>>>> indigenous peoples’ rights.
>>>>>
>>>>> sadly
>>>>>
>>>>> Martin
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>> On Sep 12, 2020, at 8:59 PM, John Cripps
>>>>>> Clark <john.crippsclark@deakin.edu.au
>>>>>> <mailto:john.crippsclark@deakin.edu.au>> wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>> The destruction of the Juunken Gorge caves
>>>>>> (which I assume you are referring to) is a
>>>>>> much more villainous act than was originally
>>>>>> portrayed and reflects the venal racism not
>>>>>> only of the company but also of the State
>>>>>> Government. For those not familiar with this
>>>>>> shocking crime, the $80b Anglo Australian
>>>>>> mining company which on Sunday 24th of May
>>>>>> blew up a site sacred to the Puutu Kunti
>>>>>> Kurrama and Pinikura (PKKP) traditional
>>>>>> owners and occupied for 46,000 years at
>>>>>> least, to extend iron ore mining. "“It’s one
>>>>>> of the most sacred sites in the Pilbara
>>>>>> region … we wanted to have that area
>>>>>> protected,” PKKP director Burchell Hayes. The
>>>>>> traditional owners tried desperately to stop
>>>>>> the blast once they became aware it was
>>>>>> impending.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> At the time Rio Tinto claimed "Clearly there
>>>>>> was a misunderstanding" but and, after much
>>>>>> outrage, the three members of the executive
>>>>>> had their multi million dollar bonuses
>>>>>> reduced. It has subsequently emerged that Rio
>>>>>> Tinto had contracted lawyers to oppose any
>>>>>> injunctions before the crime was committed.
>>>>>> The chief executive and two of his underlings
>>>>>> have resigned.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> The crime was legal and was made possible by
>>>>>> State Government laws which are stacked in
>>>>>> favour of miners. Assessments of the cultural
>>>>>> and environmental significance are made with
>>>>>> little investigation and remain in place for
>>>>>> decades and have rarely been successfully be
>>>>>> challenged. No permission to destroy heritage
>>>>>> sites in WA has been refused (and there have
>>>>>> been 463 applications).
>>>>>> https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-05-31/wa-heritage-destroyed-by-rio-tinto-example-of-national-trend/12305298__;!!Mih3wA!Q80d_k7DkHBzzs0yi4W5IfiSTlRupZ8XOxiOsNcARSHE8ZZrLW7G-oWoAnKstsuUT5a7UQ$
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>> It is not as if we didn’t know that this
>>>>>> would happen. Norway's pension fund divested
>>>>>> their holdings in Rio Tinto in 2008:
>>>>>> "Exclusion of a company from the Fund
>>>>>> reflects our unwillingness to run an
>>>>>> unacceptable risk of contributing to grossly
>>>>>> unethical conduct. The Council on Ethics has
>>>>>> concluded that Rio Tinto is directly
>>>>>> involved, through its participation in the
>>>>>> Grasberg mine in Indonesia, in the severe
>>>>>> environmental damage caused by that mining
>>>>>> operation."
>>>>>> — Kristin Halvorsen, Norwegian Minister of
>>>>>> Finance
>>>>>>
>>>>>> A useful background briefing of indigenous
>>>>>> rights in Australia:
>>>>>> https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/rearvision/features/in-the-shadow-of-terra-nullius/__;!!Mih3wA!Q80d_k7DkHBzzs0yi4W5IfiSTlRupZ8XOxiOsNcARSHE8ZZrLW7G-oWoAnKstssDCtcsSw$
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>> On 13/9/20, 12:26 am,
>>>>>> "xmca-l-bounces@mailman.ucsd.edu
>>>>>> <mailto:xmca-l-bounces@mailman.ucsd.edu> on
>>>>>> behalf of Martin Packer"
>>>>>> <xmca-l-bounces@mailman.ucsd.edu
>>>>>> <mailto:xmca-l-bounces@mailman.ucsd.edu> on
>>>>>> behalf of mpacker@cantab.net
>>>>>> <mailto:mpacker@cantab.net>> wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Andy, what on earth has Rio Tinto Zinc
>>>>>> been up to??
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Martin
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Important Notice: The contents of this email
>>>>>> are intended solely for the named addressee
>>>>>> and are confidential; any unauthorised use,
>>>>>> reproduction or storage of the contents is
>>>>>> expressly prohibited. If you have received
>>>>>> this email in error, please delete it and any
>>>>>> attachments immediately and advise the sender
>>>>>> by return email or telephone.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Deakin University does not warrant that this
>>>>>> email and any attachments are error or virus
>>>>>> free.
>>>>>>
>>>>>
>>
>
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