RE: None

Anton Havnes (Anton.Havnes who-is-at adm.hioslo.no)
Mon, 9 Mar 1998 15:06:00 +0100

Dear Hilde

I think the problem that you raise about peer mediation is a significant =

one. I have been working with similar issues; mediation of learning among =

peers in higher education. My doctoral thesis - it is called AGENCY IN =

LEARNING. A CASE STUDY OF LEARNING AT THE UNIVERSITY - particularly deals =

with how students mediate their learning practices. Interaction with peers =

is a central aspect of student agency in learning. It is too bad, I think, =

that educational research tends to be performed in alliance with teachers =

and frames the educational process from the perspective of teachers. Is it =

not the case that in education we mainly train students to think like =

teachers (as reflective and critical teachers, I should add)? There is =

nothing wrong in preparing students to become competent teachers and =

professionals who mediate their future students' learning, of course. But d=
o =

we overlook the crucial fact that students also mediate their learning whil=
e =

they are students in higher education and the fact that students' mediation=
=

of learning is a significant aspect of education in general? To what extent=
=

do we address our analyses and our conclusions to students in higher =

education, rather than to the coming teachers and professionals?

These questions relate to a dilemma in the Vygotskian tradition. For =

instance, Vygotsky explains the notion of 'the zone of proximal development=
' =

(Mind in Society, p. 86) and immediately turns to the question of what this=
=

means for the teachers and others who are in a position to mediate the =

child's development. He writes that the zone of proximal development =

".furnishes psychologists and educators with a tool through which the =

internal course of development can be understood" (p. 87). To my knowledge,=
=

Vygotsky did not discuss how, or if, the zone of proximal development =

furnishes students with a tool through which they can promote their own =

learning. For instance; can peers create their own zones of proximal =

development? This is a crucial question in relation to peer mediation.

In his book LEARNING BY EXPANDING Yrjo Engestrom makes a significant =

contribution in exploring learning as a social process among peers. But in =

my interpretation he he goes further and treats learning as a collective =

process where both students and teachers are involved. His conclusion is =

that "Expansive developmental research aims at making circles of expansive =

transition collectively mastered journeys through zones of proximal =

development. In other words, it aims at furnishing people with tertiary and=
=

secondary instruments necessary for the mastery of qualitative =

transformation of their activity systems." The notion of 'collectively =

mastered' here must include peer mediation.

I think this is a crucial question in education in general, but particular =

in higher education and in relation to for instance work-related learning =

and lifelong learning. I suggest that some of us create an informal setting=
=

for discussing these questions at the conference in Denmark in June.

Regards from a snow-white Oslo
Anton

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Anton Havnes
Senter for h=F8gskolepedagogikk
Wergelandsveien 27, 0167 Oslo
Bes=F8ksadresse: Pilestredet 40, T313
Tlf. 22 45 28 87, Fax. 22 45 28 25
Tlf. hjem: 66 91 18 52
Email: Anton.Havnes who-is-at adm.hioslo.no
---------------------------
Oslo College
Centre for Staff and Learning Development
Wergelandsveien 27, N-0167 Oslo, Norway
Tel +47 2245 2887, Fax +47 2245 2825
Email: Anton.Havnes who-is-at adm.hioslo.no