[Xmca-l] Re: Rio Tinto Zinc
robsub@ariadne.org.uk
robsub@ariadne.org.uk
Wed Sep 16 02:13:48 PDT 2020
Very informative, David - thank you.
Poland moves around, of course, quite literally - maybe that's what it
is :-)
Rob
On 16/09/2020 09:55, David Kellogg wrote:
> Rob--
>
> Mental maps fascinate me too. I think that in Marx's time the
> distinction was a religious one: the areas that belonged to the
> Eastern Roman Empire, and then Byzantium, and then constituted the
> religious domain of the Orthodox Church constituted Eastern Europe,
> except Poland which although Catholic was part of the Russian empire
> (and spoke a Slavic language). Of course, the distinction between
> Southern Europe and Northern Europe was ALSO a religious one--again,
> except for Poland. I wonder what it is about Poland!.
>
> David Kellogg
> Sangmyung University
>
> New article in Mind, Culture, and Activity:
> Realizations: non-causal but real relationships in and between
> Halliday, Hasan, and Vygotsky
>
> Some free e-prints today available at:
> https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.tandfonline.com/eprint/Y8YHS3SRW42VXPTVY2Z6/full?target=10.1080*10749039.2020.1806329__;Lw!!Mih3wA!UsU8JIMlK08PWDRU6ZjEsWP8thEchPfbNZGQLrFqlCNseRri13SPhK9P8qgDDP9fS9LpRw$
> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.tandfonline.com/eprint/Y8YHS3SRW42VXPTVY2Z6/full?target=10.1080*10749039.2020.1806329__;Lw!!Mih3wA!RPhZDSTWklPFNNVX5ZygsIrky2E8UdGSQd69tXmBl7roVIEtfrXOHHoX1cacJ5Amyt9hEA$>
>
> New Translation with Nikolai Veresov: L.S. Vygotsky's Pedological
> Works Volume One: Foundations of Pedology"
> https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9789811505270__;!!Mih3wA!UsU8JIMlK08PWDRU6ZjEsWP8thEchPfbNZGQLrFqlCNseRri13SPhK9P8qgDDP-5oia81A$
> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9789811505270__;!!Mih3wA!RPhZDSTWklPFNNVX5ZygsIrky2E8UdGSQd69tXmBl7roVIEtfrXOHHoX1cacJ5A1TJkZFw$>
>
>
> On Wed, Sep 16, 2020 at 5:20 PM robsub@ariadne.org.uk
> <mailto:robsub@ariadne.org.uk> <robsub@ariadne.org.uk
> <mailto:robsub@ariadne.org.uk>> wrote:
>
> Slightly off topic, but mental maps have always fascinated me. I
> wonder what Marx meant by "western" Europe. Where was the boundary
> then between "western" and "eastern" Europe? Was it just in Marx's
> mental map or a common mental map?
>
> Rob
>
> On 16/09/2020 01:33, Andy Blunden wrote:
>>
>> This letter:
>> https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1881/letters/81_03_08.htm__;!!Mih3wA!UsU8JIMlK08PWDRU6ZjEsWP8thEchPfbNZGQLrFqlCNseRri13SPhK9P8qgDDP9Q5EGq4w$
>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1881/letters/81_03_08.htm__;!!Mih3wA!Wc7U2Qr5zMgrKKeh_jEXkdulE0GgE_Mf1JJ9xPU3T2lU6DpYFZfSmiQ9Rs0MpFuzxe_8fw$>
>> is one occasion when Marx makes it clear that he makes no claim
>> for the inevitability of a capitalist stage of social
>> development, only that this was what was actually the case in
>> Europe in his time. Note that Marx's correspondence with Vera
>> Zasulich was published in Russia in 1924, so Vygotsky would have
>> been aware of this.
>>
>> Andy
>>
>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>> *Andy Blunden*
>> Hegel for Social Movements
>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://brill.com/view/title/54574__;!!Mih3wA!Wc7U2Qr5zMgrKKeh_jEXkdulE0GgE_Mf1JJ9xPU3T2lU6DpYFZfSmiQ9Rs0MpFu6Xfct7w$>
>> Home Page
>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.ethicalpolitics.org/ablunden/index.htm__;!!Mih3wA!Wc7U2Qr5zMgrKKeh_jEXkdulE0GgE_Mf1JJ9xPU3T2lU6DpYFZfSmiQ9Rs0MpFttzS7DtA$>
>>
>> On 16/09/2020 1:58 am, Martin Packer wrote:
>>>> capitalism, and hence the idea of nature as capital, is no
>>>> universal stage (contrary to what Stalin taught).
>>>
>>> This happens to be something I’ve been thinking about recently —
>>> the ‘evitability’ (avoidability, as opposed to inevitability) of
>>> capitalism. I’ve been reading some of the work of Douglass
>>> North, who won a Nobel prize in economics in 1993 for his
>>> analysis of the role that institutions have played in economic
>>> ‘development,’ He thought he was describing how the West
>>> achieved ‘progress’ and has been able to ‘evolve’ further than
>>> other regions, but one can read his work as describing
>>> alternative pathways in the formation of economic systems, which
>>> in the West has led to an imbalance in which profit and growth
>>> have become the only measures of societal and individual
>>> achievement.
>>>
>>> A neat illustration: the NY Times has been publishing
>>> reflections upon an article written 50 years ago by Milton
>>> Friedman titled "The Social Responsibility Of Business Is
>>> to Increase Its Profits." Friedman wrote:
>>>
>>> WHEN I hear businessmen speak eloquently about the
>>> “social responsibilities of business in a free‐enterprise
>>> system,” I am reminded of the wonderful line about the
>>> Frenchman who discovered at, the age of 70 that he had been
>>> speaking prose all his life. The businessmen believe that
>>> they are defending free enterprise when they declaim
>>> that business is not concerned “merely” with profit but also
>>> with promoting desirable “social” ends; that business has a
>>> “social conscience” and takes seriously its responsibilities
>>> for providing employment, eliminating discrimination,
>>> avoiding pollution and whatever else may be the catchwords
>>> of the contemporary crop of reformers. In fact they are—or
>>> would be if they or any one else took them seriously—
>>> preaching pure and unadulterated socialism. Businessmen who
>>> talk this way are unwitting puppets of the intellectual
>>> forces that have been undermining the basis of a free
>>> society these past decades.
>>>
>>>
>>> It will be hard to find a better statement of the ideology that
>>> has got us all into the current mess.
>>>
>>> On the left, was it with Lenin that capitalism became viewed as
>>> a necessary prerequisite to socialism? For example, as I
>>> understand it after the revolution in Mexico, 1910-1920, the PRI
>>> (Partido Revolucionario Institucional) worked hard to turn the
>>> indigenous peoples into a proletariat. This was the only way
>>> they could imagine societal progress: quickly moving the country
>>> into capitalism so as to achieve socialism. I conclude that it
>>> was not only Stalin who taught this.
>>>
>>> Martin
>>>
>>>
>>>> On Sep 14, 2020, at 9:57 PM, David Kellogg
>>>> <dkellogg60@gmail.com <mailto:dkellogg60@gmail.com>> wrote:
>>>>
>>>> If you click on the link that Henry, and before him John,
>>>> offered, you get the pro-natural-capital side of a debate in
>>>> the pages of the Guardian on whether or not "nature" can be
>>>> valued as capital and whether it is good or bad for nature for
>>>> humans to do this. I think that in CHAT, we are indebted to
>>>> Marx for many things, but surely one debt we would do well not
>>>> to disavow is Marx's insistence (in Critique of the Gotha
>>>> programme and elsewhere) that nature is NOT capital: on the
>>>> contrary, humans and all of their various property forms from
>>>> communism to capitalism must be considered peculiar forms of
>>>> nature. This is a discussion that CHAT needs to have if we are
>>>> going to retain the AT in CHAT. I disagree with Peter Jones on
>>>> many many things, but one thing I heartily agree with him on is
>>>> the idea that Leontiev brings an intensely anti-naturalistic
>>>> view of activity into activity theory--humans acting as
>>>> subjects on passive environments to produce beneficial outcomes.
>>>>
>>>> Marx had a better idea: in the Ethnological Notebooks, he shows
>>>> us that capitalism, and hence the idea of nature as capital, is
>>>> no universal stage (contrary to what Stalin taught). Western
>>>> capitalism, with its idea of nature as capital, is really just
>>>> one extreme variant. In Marx's columns on the Sepoy rebellion
>>>> and the Taiping rebellion, he even posits an "Asiantic mode of
>>>> production" that had virtually nothing to do with feudalism. So
>>>> to say that South Korea and Japan are equally capitalist
>>>> societies is really a little like saying that China and the
>>>> USSR were equally non-capitalist. Deus Sive Natura: and neither
>>>> one is capital.
>>>>
>>>> David Kellogg
>>>> Sangmyung University
>>>>
>>>> New article in Mind, Culture, and Activity:
>>>> Realizations: non-causal but real relationships in and between
>>>> Halliday, Hasan, and Vygotsky
>>>>
>>>> Some free e-prints today available at:
>>>> https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.tandfonline.com/eprint/Y8YHS3SRW42VXPTVY2Z6/full?target=10.1080*10749039.2020.1806329__;Lw!!Mih3wA!UsU8JIMlK08PWDRU6ZjEsWP8thEchPfbNZGQLrFqlCNseRri13SPhK9P8qgDDP9fS9LpRw$
>>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.tandfonline.com/eprint/Y8YHS3SRW42VXPTVY2Z6/full?target=10.1080*10749039.2020.1806329__;Lw!!Mih3wA!W-RPX1ECIuKav0e-i1es3roVHR0WUtjgmoG2iARQqbybBsxElYTIACu53v3cWm487oUiBw$>
>>>>
>>>> New Translation with Nikolai Veresov: L.S. Vygotsky's
>>>> Pedological Works Volume One: Foundations of Pedology"
>>>> https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9789811505270__;!!Mih3wA!UsU8JIMlK08PWDRU6ZjEsWP8thEchPfbNZGQLrFqlCNseRri13SPhK9P8qgDDP-5oia81A$
>>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9789811505270__;!!Mih3wA!W-RPX1ECIuKav0e-i1es3roVHR0WUtjgmoG2iARQqbybBsxElYTIACu53v3cWm7NjX5sJQ$>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> On Tue, Sep 15, 2020 at 3:43 AM HENRY SHONERD
>>>> <hshonerd@gmail.com <mailto:hshonerd@gmail.com>> wrote:
>>>>
>>>> Martin, John and Andy
>>>> Thanks to Martin for kicking off this topic and John and
>>>> Andy for following up. I has amazed me to find, for me, how
>>>> the RTZ narrative resonates with both Navajo and Pueblo
>>>> narratives here in New Mexico. How evil RTZ is, but how
>>>> wonderful the courage of our native peoples!
>>>>
>>>> Chaco Canyon IS a tourist destination here in New Mexico.
>>>> Though there has been no destruction of the site that,
>>>> based on Native American narratives and the efforts of
>>>> archeologists, is architecturally spectacular evidence of
>>>> the pre-Colombian culture from which the present-day
>>>> Pueblos come. What parallels RTZ activities on aboriginal
>>>> lands in Australia is the drilling for gas and oil on
>>>> Navajo lands surrounding Chaco and a rush to buy more
>>>> rights while Trump is in power. There have been protests,
>>>> though nothing as intense and effective as the Standing
>>>> Rock protests to protect water on native lands to our north
>>>> and east from gas and oil predation (the pipeline).
>>>> Standing Rock was LED by Native Americans, many from the
>>>> Navajo, Apache and Pueblo near me.
>>>>
>>>> I just saw yesterday a 30-year-old film that is one of the
>>>> offerings of the Vision Maker Film Festival: Clear Cut. I
>>>> recommend it, or at least a look at the wiki article about
>>>> it. It couldn’t be more timely. It’s messy, where
>>>> contention between environmental and logging interests and
>>>> division WITHIN the native community (traditon vs. jobs)
>>>> leave one stunned. What redeems a messy struggle is exactly
>>>> what Andy says: The aboriginal people of the world do it
>>>> for us! In the same way, when “our” Pueblos put on feasts
>>>> and invite us in to witness their dances, they do it for
>>>> us. Perhaps you recall the movie “Koyaniskaatsi”, la Hopi
>>>> word that has been translated as "life out of balance".
>>>> (The Hopis are a Puebloan people, descendants of the
>>>> Chacoan culture. The Navajos and Apaches arrived here about
>>>> the same time as the European colonizers, based on
>>>> linguistic and genetic evidence.) If you live in New
>>>> Mexico, you are around Pueblo people. If you are really
>>>> lucky, and many of us are, you become friends with them and
>>>> they invite you to share their food at the feasts! How
>>>> generous is this? They do it for us.
>>>>
>>>> The RTZ narrative is not only destructive to cultural
>>>> capital, it is implicated in natural capital
>>>> (https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/2015/nov/23/monbiot-natural-capital-wrong-conservation__;!!Mih3wA!UsU8JIMlK08PWDRU6ZjEsWP8thEchPfbNZGQLrFqlCNseRri13SPhK9P8qgDDP9KEa9aFA$
>>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/2015/nov/23/monbiot-natural-capital-wrong-conservation__;!!Mih3wA!SBdL369rv5LA2eUVglK7x1RO_gnzeKTtEL3aixjV1TAMOI-HkqMNbHUWvJAN5h7atm8Krw$>)
>>>> via climate change. (The link here, to a Guardian article
>>>> is available through the first link in John’s post). Here
>>>> again we should look to our native peoples. There is
>>>> credible research that concludes the climate change
>>>> lengthens fire seasons but wrong-headed environmental
>>>> policies make the fires more intense, hence less
>>>> controllable. Add to this the incursion of housing into
>>>> forested areas and the destruction is a doubly
>>>> self-inflicted wound. And hold on for this one for the best
>>>> CHAT connection: Native peoples of this continent used to
>>>> set controlled burns to remove the kind of unburnt fuel to
>>>> avoid such conflagrations. Today some of the best-trained
>>>> and most effective firefighters in this country are Native
>>>> Americans. Cultural capital. They do it for us, and their
>>>> example from the past can serve us now. Cultural capital.
>>>>
>>>> I believe I have crowed before about New Mexico and our
>>>> Native Americans. Australia has crowing rights as well.
>>>> And, for standing proud, there’s nothing like an anthem.
>>>> The best anthem music I have EVER heard comes from
>>>> Australia: Yothu Yindi What a great project that brings
>>>> together white people and people of color. What great
>>>> creative collaboration. Andy, I am telling you again,
>>>> project is a great unit of analysis, precisely because it
>>>> brings together cognition and affect, because it embodies
>>>> active orientation. In my country, it is pretty well agreed
>>>> that the natives got screwed, across the political divide.
>>>> Black Lives Matter is more complex, but there is hope that
>>>> the question of race is now where LGBTQ issues were at the
>>>> time of the AIDS crisis, in the last century. Back then we
>>>> could never have guessed we would be where we are with
>>>> non-gender-conforming acceptance now. Just saying, as much
>>>> for myself as for anybody else listening.
>>>>
>>>> La Era Está Pariendo Un Corazón
>>>> Henry
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>> On Sep 13, 2020, at 8:09 PM, Andy Blunden
>>>>> <andyb@marxists.org <mailto:andyb@marxists.org>> wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>> Er. " *NO *physical markers"
>>>>>
>>>>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>> *Andy Blunden*
>>>>> Hegel for Social Movements
>>>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://brill.com/view/title/54574__;!!Mih3wA!S5K6-3pAdjVKLQOipHOtp4mkhFhXR1sxkXKZDQnO0A7C1xQKXN0SUjkqI9KbXmCMTCf0iQ$>
>>>>> Home Page
>>>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.ethicalpolitics.org/ablunden/index.htm__;!!Mih3wA!S5K6-3pAdjVKLQOipHOtp4mkhFhXR1sxkXKZDQnO0A7C1xQKXN0SUjkqI9KbXmDbUUpHdA$>
>>>>>
>>>>> On 14/09/2020 11:43 am, Andy Blunden wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Firstly, an apology. I replied on the list before
>>>>>> noticing that John had already responded, and John is
>>>>>> much better informed than me about these matters, and yet
>>>>>> I spoke as if he didn't exist. My apologies.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> These caves are nothing for tourism. They are too remote
>>>>>> and there are others more accessible. I believe the caves
>>>>>> have been under Native Title as a result of a bitter
>>>>>> struggle to protect them by the local people in the
>>>>>> 1990s. This means that RTZ had to get permission from the
>>>>>> PKK people. The lawyers swindled them.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> In my view, all these sites which are not only part of
>>>>>> Aboriginal heritage (there are places which have *NO
>>>>>> *physical markers of their status but are sacred to the
>>>>>> local people) but self-evidently of *world* heritage. But
>>>>>> I don't think these caves were registered as World
>>>>>> Heritage. I have not heard the discussion about this
>>>>>> (John?). No-one wants to say this, I think, because it
>>>>>> implies that Indigenous values are somehow less important
>>>>>> than human values. For example, under the law as it
>>>>>> stands the PKK Land Council would have a right to let RTZ
>>>>>> destroy the caves and maybe a million dollars or two in
>>>>>> the bank or a new school, would be enough. This is not a
>>>>>> hypothetical. One of the reasons that the Indigenous
>>>>>> people remain impoverished even where they have Native
>>>>>> Title over large areas of land, is that they live, after
>>>>>> all, in a capitalist country and Native title cannot be
>>>>>> sold. It is not a commodity. Therefore it is not a form
>>>>>> of wealth. You can't get a mortgage to build a house on
>>>>>> land you own by Native title. You can't sell a block to a
>>>>>> farmer so you can buy agricultural equipment to farm
>>>>>> another block. In short, by blocking the Indigenous
>>>>>> people from monetising their land rights we trap them in
>>>>>> poverty. In general, the indigenous people are happy to
>>>>>> forgo tourist income to protect their sacred sites (e.g.
>>>>>> Uluru) and I don't doubt for an instant, that if they'd
>>>>>> been properly consulted they never would have agreed to
>>>>>> the destruction of the caves. Obviously. But they do have
>>>>>> to have rights to trade with their land. But also the
>>>>>> world needs to keep absolutely unique archaeological
>>>>>> sites pristine and the local people should be supported
>>>>>> by governments to do the work of protecting them on *our*
>>>>>> behalf. Recognising the great cost entailed.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Andy
>>>>>>
>>>>>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>>>>> *Andy Blunden*
>>>>>> Hegel for Social Movements
>>>>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://brill.com/view/title/54574__;!!Mih3wA!XARa5o_f0_F8FwoOvEi2G83w7OupjEw0Qs4sAopd9iMJNxF19MT9A4BOkNVcEAAZnw4ahQ$>
>>>>>> Home Page
>>>>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.ethicalpolitics.org/ablunden/index.htm__;!!Mih3wA!XARa5o_f0_F8FwoOvEi2G83w7OupjEw0Qs4sAopd9iMJNxF19MT9A4BOkNVcEABlTgxfKw$>
>>>>>>
>>>>>> On 14/09/2020 4:53 am, Martin Packer wrote:
>>>>>>> Thanks, John and Andy,
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> I suppose that I am naive, for this event astonishes me
>>>>>>> in so many different ways. I would have assumed that the
>>>>>>> land title or native title granted to indigenous peoples
>>>>>>> over some territory in Australia would have included
>>>>>>> the Juuken Gorge caves. I would have assumed that these
>>>>>>> caves were a national cultural heritage site, or even a
>>>>>>> world cultural heritage site. I would have assumed that
>>>>>>> indigenous rights would have more importance to the
>>>>>>> Australian government, and indeed to the Australian
>>>>>>> people. I would have assumed that, while mining is
>>>>>>> apparently of great economic importance to the country,
>>>>>>> the government would have considered the economic value
>>>>>>> of this site for tourism, or simply the impact that
>>>>>>> destroying the caves would have on Australia’s
>>>>>>> reputation. And while I suppose that unbridled
>>>>>>> rapaciousness on the part of an international mining
>>>>>>> company is hardly a surprise, I would have thought that
>>>>>>> Rio Tinto would also have considered the negative
>>>>>>> publicity that their actions would create.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> How can we express our displeasure to the various
>>>>>>> parties involved? Are there petitions that one can sign?
>>>>>>> Or Twitter accounts to which one can tweet?
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> I wonder how much the salary is of (ex) CEO
>>>>>>> Jean-Sebastien Jacques, if his bonus this year would
>>>>>>> have been A$4.9 million. Perhaps he could donate a few
>>>>>>> years of his salary to establish a foundation that could
>>>>>>> work for indigenous peoples’ rights.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> sadly
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Martin
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> On Sep 12, 2020, at 8:59 PM, John Cripps Clark
>>>>>>>> <john.crippsclark@deakin.edu.au
>>>>>>>> <mailto:john.crippsclark@deakin.edu.au>> wrote:
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> The destruction of the Juunken Gorge caves (which I
>>>>>>>> assume you are referring to) is a much more villainous
>>>>>>>> act than was originally portrayed and reflects the
>>>>>>>> venal racism not only of the company but also of the
>>>>>>>> State Government. For those not familiar with this
>>>>>>>> shocking crime, the $80b Anglo Australian mining
>>>>>>>> company which on Sunday 24th of May blew up a site
>>>>>>>> sacred to the Puutu Kunti Kurrama and Pinikura (PKKP)
>>>>>>>> traditional owners and occupied for 46,000 years at
>>>>>>>> least, to extend iron ore mining. "“It’s one of the
>>>>>>>> most sacred sites in the Pilbara region … we wanted to
>>>>>>>> have that area protected,” PKKP director Burchell
>>>>>>>> Hayes. The traditional owners tried desperately to stop
>>>>>>>> the blast once they became aware it was impending.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> At the time Rio Tinto claimed "Clearly there was a
>>>>>>>> misunderstanding" but and, after much outrage, the
>>>>>>>> three members of the executive had their multi million
>>>>>>>> dollar bonuses reduced. It has subsequently emerged
>>>>>>>> that Rio Tinto had contracted lawyers to oppose any
>>>>>>>> injunctions before the crime was committed. The chief
>>>>>>>> executive and two of his underlings have resigned.
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> The crime was legal and was made possible by State
>>>>>>>> Government laws which are stacked in favour of miners.
>>>>>>>> Assessments of the cultural and environmental
>>>>>>>> significance are made with little investigation and
>>>>>>>> remain in place for decades and have rarely been
>>>>>>>> successfully be challenged. No permission to destroy
>>>>>>>> heritage sites in WA has been refused (and there have
>>>>>>>> been 463 applications).
>>>>>>>> https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-05-31/wa-heritage-destroyed-by-rio-tinto-example-of-national-trend/12305298__;!!Mih3wA!Q80d_k7DkHBzzs0yi4W5IfiSTlRupZ8XOxiOsNcARSHE8ZZrLW7G-oWoAnKstsuUT5a7UQ$
>>>>>>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-05-31/wa-heritage-destroyed-by-rio-tinto-example-of-national-trend/12305298__;!!Mih3wA!Q80d_k7DkHBzzs0yi4W5IfiSTlRupZ8XOxiOsNcARSHE8ZZrLW7G-oWoAnKstsuUT5a7UQ$>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> It is not as if we didn’t know that this would happen.
>>>>>>>> Norway's pension fund divested their holdings in Rio
>>>>>>>> Tinto in 2008: "Exclusion of a company from the Fund
>>>>>>>> reflects our unwillingness to run an unacceptable risk
>>>>>>>> of contributing to grossly unethical conduct. The
>>>>>>>> Council on Ethics has concluded that Rio Tinto is
>>>>>>>> directly involved, through its participation in the
>>>>>>>> Grasberg mine in Indonesia, in the severe environmental
>>>>>>>> damage caused by that mining operation."
>>>>>>>> — Kristin Halvorsen, Norwegian Minister of Finance
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> A useful background briefing of indigenous rights in
>>>>>>>> Australia:
>>>>>>>> https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/rearvision/features/in-the-shadow-of-terra-nullius/__;!!Mih3wA!Q80d_k7DkHBzzs0yi4W5IfiSTlRupZ8XOxiOsNcARSHE8ZZrLW7G-oWoAnKstssDCtcsSw$
>>>>>>>> <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/rearvision/features/in-the-shadow-of-terra-nullius/__;!!Mih3wA!Q80d_k7DkHBzzs0yi4W5IfiSTlRupZ8XOxiOsNcARSHE8ZZrLW7G-oWoAnKstssDCtcsSw$>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> On 13/9/20, 12:26 am, "xmca-l-bounces@mailman.ucsd.edu
>>>>>>>> <mailto:xmca-l-bounces@mailman.ucsd.edu> on behalf of
>>>>>>>> Martin Packer" <xmca-l-bounces@mailman.ucsd.edu
>>>>>>>> <mailto:xmca-l-bounces@mailman.ucsd.edu> on behalf of
>>>>>>>> mpacker@cantab.net <mailto:mpacker@cantab.net>> wrote:
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> Andy, what on earth has Rio Tinto Zinc been up to??
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> Martin
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>> Important Notice: The contents of this email are
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>>>>>>>
>>>>
>>>
>
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